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The Shapsug National District or Shapsug National Raion ( ''Šapsyġe Nacionalne Rajon'', (ロシア語:Шапсугский национальный район) ''Šapsugskij nacional′nyj rajon'') was a district that was established in 1924 as a national district ''(raion)'' for the Circassian Shapsugs tribe of the Black Sea Circassians ((ロシア語:причерноморские адыги)) within the Krasnodar Krai in the Soviet Union, now Russia. It was abolished after the end of the Second World War in 1945. __NOTOC__ ==History== In 1864, after the end of the century-long Russian-Circassian War between the Circassians (Adyghes) who formed the historical population of Circassia and the Russian Empire, a major part of the Shapsugs, who lived on Black Sea coast from modern Sochi to Tuapse, were either killed in the Circassian Genocide or expelled to the Ottoman Empire like the other Circassian tribes. Because the Shapsugs were one of the most stubborn enemies of the Russian Empire, they suffered more than the other Circassian tribes. They were the last of their alliance to surrender to the occupiers' army, and kept resisting the Russians in a holy war, for more than 20 years after the end of the Russian-Circassian War in 1864.〔http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=FB0A11FB345B127B93C3AA178CD85F428784F9 via New York Times〕 As a result of the tsars policy to kill the Circassian people in the Circassian Genocide or expel them to the Ottoman Empire, the remaining Shapsugs who survived abandoned their remained coastal villages to the eastern mountains of Shapsugia to protect themselves from the tyranny of their occupiers, the Zaporozhian Cossacks. Later the descendants of these Cossacks renamed themselves Kuban Cossacks and adopted the Circassian dress and uniform to falsify the history of the Kuban and Circassia and to depicts the Kuban civilizations are related to the Cossacks not the Circassians and the Russians. The other motive for Shapsugs settling the mountains was to keep resisting and striking against Russians outposts on the Circassian Black Sea coast. When the Shapsugs felt that the resistance was impossible due to the severing of marine logistics lines and to the lack of weapons, they stopped resisting. Some went to settlements previously occupied by other Adyghe tribes in the Kuban and established their own villages The remaining Shapsugs returned to their regions in the Circassian Coast on the Black Sea, and established newer ones in the place of their previous burned villages between 1870 and 1880. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Shapsugsky National District」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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